Students demonstrate an understanding of Natural Selection/ evolution by…

8a illustrating that when an environment changes, the survival advantage /disadvantage of some characteristics may change.

8b distinguish between microevolution (on small scale within a single population –e.g., change in gene frequency within a population) and macroevolution (on a scale that transcends boundaries of a single species – e.g., diversity of all beetle species within the order of insects) and explain how macroevolution accounts for speciation and extinction.

8c recognizing patterns in molecular and fossil evidence, to provide a scientific explanation for Natural Selection and its evolutionary consequences (e.g. survival, adaptation).

Students demonstrate an understanding of classification of organisms by …

8d using data or models (charts, diagrams, table, narratives etc.) to analyze how organisms are organized into a hierarchy of groups and subgroups based on evolutionary relationships. (e.g. creating a taxonomic key to organize a given set of examples).





What do these GSEs mean? What subtopics do students need to address to understand these GSEs?

  • History of Life
  • Intelligent Design V. Science
  • Geological Time Scales & Radiometric Dating
  • Mass Extinctions
  • Evidence in Fossil Records
  • Origin of Species
  • Spontaneous generations
  • Biogenesis
  • Charles Darwin, aka “The Father of Evolution” & Natural Selection
  • Lamarck’s of Theory of Evolution
  • Genetic Equilibrium
  • Genetic Drift
  • Stabilizing Selection
  • Directional Selection
  • Disruptive Selection
  • Speciation
  • Geographic isolation
  • Reproductive isolation
  • Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
  • Adaptive radiation
  • Divergent evolution
  • Convergent evolution
  • Natural Selection
  • Sexual Selection
  • Embryology
  • Comparative Anatomy
  • Homologous structures
  • Analogous structure
  • Vestigial structures
  • Molecular evolution
  • Adaptations
  • Fossil Records
  • Morphology
  • Polymorphism
  • · Phylogeny
  • Cladograms
  • Shared Derived Characteristics
  • Evo-Devo

What ideas to students need to understand before they can address the topics described above?

  • Genetics, Mutuation and Heredity
  • Scientific Theories
  • Differientation between individual, species, population, ecosystems
  • Basic human anatomy

What misconceptions are students likely to have about these topics?

  • Evolution denies the existance of God (Who created this world)
  • Evolution is a process of the past and it is not ongoing
  • Evolution can evidenced in the life time of one organism
  • Evolution provides input on the origin of life opposed to the origin of species
  • Natural Selection occurs on the individual level opposed to on a population
  • The term "Survival of the Fittest" defines Evolution
  • Structures we see in animals are all adaptive or perfectly adapted (Some things are simply there for structure and not purpose)
  • When an organism evolves, the thing/organism it evolves from dies or is no longer relevant
  • Evolution does not necessarily produce new species
  • Evolution started or was recognized by Charles Darwin (Evolution occurred before him)
  • Linneaus Binominal Nomenclature classifies organisms by evolutionary events (It does not but is rather hierarchial)
  • Once a Species goes extinct, they do not come back
  • Genetics was discovered by Mendel before Darwin published "Origin of Species"
  • Evolution has never been observed
  • Evolution is only theory and has never been proven
  • There are no intermediate Fossil forms
  • Evolution occurred "By chance"
  • Natural Selection involved organisms trying to adapt and gives organisms what they Need to survive

Evolution from Sources
Berthelsen, B. (1999). Students Naïve Conceptions in Life Science. MSTA Journal, 44(1) (Spring’99), pp. 13-19. http://www.msta-mich.org
  • Students have difficulty relating an individuals adaptation to environment with changes in species phenotypes over long period of time due to selection.
  • Students believe that transmitted characteristics are acquired during the life time of the animal.
  • Individuals can adapt to a changing environment. These adaptations are heritable.

What phenomena and representations help students understand these topics?